Course+Frame

=Course Frame:=



The course frame is available as a downloadable file. Click on the icon above to download. Use the space below for discussion and questions on the course frame.

In the Instructional Design section, you have selected the following three areas for demonstration. Lets use the Course Frame of the HPT course (this course) that you are familiar with to select examples that demonstrate your selected areas. This is to help you cite your own examples.

1. Select the information to attend to. 3. Organise the information 5. Strengthen the new information in memory
 * Given learning outcomes below, I found the reference material and selected the chapters that would support the learning outcomes. Within the chapters I found exact Figures or Tables that would support the learning outcomes.
 * For example, for the third learning outcome below I selected Table 16.1. Going through the table, I realised it is a lot of work. I therefore specified that each student should select only ONE area that you can relate to, as you have given above. So the information to attend to must be specific and doable.
 * All I wanted was for you to be able to go deeply into an example and explain your justification as I have done above.
 * The learning outcomes below are organised in an incremental manner.
 * First, why do we need a systematic approach - Chapter 1: Human Performance Technology Fundamentals
 * Second, apply a systematic approach - Chapter 2: Guide to Performance Technology Landscape
 * Thirdly, develop some material on the intervention. Chapter 16: Table 16.1
 * Tasks were designed in a cyclic manner:
 * Link with own experience,
 * Read theory
 * Post thoughts upon application of theory
 * Read other posts - this should strengthen own thoughts on the theory
 * Respond to others comments on own post - this should help go deeper into own thoughts
 * Improve own post - this should help revisit own thoughts and strengthen the information in memory
 * This can be seen in the design of the page on Instructional Design.

Human Performance Technology essentially applies an engineering type or systematic method to evaluating and improving performance of human beings in organizations.
 * Brief Introduction**:


 * Learning Outcomes**: By the end of the course, the student should be able to
 * appraise the need for a systematic approach to improving individual performance
 * apply a systematic approach to solving performance problems
 * design training material with examples for an Instructional Design intervention

Course Frame Set up time to speak on Skype with instructor. Compare Van Tiem et al’s (2004) HPT model (ref 1) with that of Pershing’s Performance Improvement Process (Figure 1.1, p.15 in reference 2). Read relevant parts of references 1 and 2 to understand the phases. You may also consult the five HPT models given in Reference 4, pp.11 – 21. Review Chapters 15, 16, 20 and 21 in reference 3 as well as the three articles by Watkins in references 6, 7 and 8. |||| 30 marks for final examination nad will be based on this preparation ||
 * ** Week ** || ** Topic/Reference/Assignment ** || ** Marks ** || ** Hours ** ||
 * 1 || // Introduction – Each student would introduce themselves by writing a post on-line. Details required: skype ID, email, proposed study hours each week, current place of work, the kind of organization student attends and nature of job or study. //
 * Task ** (Forum/Wiki Posts):
 * Post 1 ** : Without reading up on subject, guess what the subject “Human Performance Technology” could be about and what the job of a person practicing the subject should be able to do. ||  || 6 – 8 hours ||
 * 2 || // Share Personal Experiences of Organizational Problems, possible solutions and attempts at solutions //.
 * Task ** (Forum/Wiki Posts):
 * Post 1 ** : Describe productivity, efficiency or an output problem of your organization or any other organization. (4 marks)
 * Post 2 ** : Read all other posts. Select ONE post other than your own. For your chosen post ask a question, post a comment and suggest a solution. You would need to collaborate with the author to suggest a solution. This would involve multiple posts. (6 marks) || 10 marks || 8 – 10 hours ||
 * 3 & 4 || // What is Human Performance Technology (HPT)? Need for FIVE phases in the HPT systems approach. //
 * Task ** (Forum/Wiki Posts + comments):
 * Post 1 ** : Write a post explaining and comparing an aspect from the first two phases (Performance Analysis **//__or__//** Cause Analysis) in the two models. Provide examples from your own experience or those given in the reference 2. (3 marks)
 * Post 2 ** : For a post other than your own, write a comment/suggestion/question. (2 marks)
 * Post 3 ** : Write a post explaining and comparing an aspect from one of the last three phases (Intervention design and development **//__or__//** Implementation **//__or__//** evaluation) in the two models. Provide examples from your own experience or those given in the reference 2. (3 marks)
 * Post 4 ** : For a post and phase other than your own, write a comment/suggestion/question. (2 marks) || 10 marks || 20 hours ||
 * 5 – 8 || ** Written Assignment Submission ** : Paired assignment for individual submission by end of week 8. Of the models that you have studied, chose a model. For your chosen model, prepare a 5-part (between 5 to 10 pages) manual recommending //practical// steps on how each phase of the model should be carried out by a practitioner to solve a gap in expected organizational performance. As you develop each phase, post it in the forum/wiki and invite comments from your partner. Respond to the comments. Write out the phase after responding to your partners comment. While working, the relevant parts of ref 3 may be consulted in addition to ref 4. Marks for the discussion in the forum/wiki will carry equal weight as the written assignment itself. (10 marks for forum/wiki work and 10 marks for written assignment) || 20 marks || 40 hours ||
 * 9 || Break ||  ||   ||
 * 10 & 11 || // Application of HPT to a Case Study // : Read reference 9. While reading, compare the work done in each phase with the practical recommendations made by you in the assignment submitted. To help you in evaluating your own work, ref 6 may help.
 * Task ** : The case study approaches the problem in the “Kayak Company’s Registration Process” in a traditional manner. By now, you should have three points of view, the one given in the case study, your own and that recommended in ref 6.
 * Post ** : Select a phase that you can relate to well. For this phase write a brief summary comparing the three view-points with a view to how success in the phase can be determined. (10 marks) During the 10th week post your thoughts and references in the forum/wiki. Invite a comment from your partner (who participated in the assignment) for comments. Improve your answer and post your final answer by the end of week 11. || 10 marks || 10 hours ||
 * 12 & 13 || // Role of Instructional Design in HPT // : Study Table 16.1, page 375 in Chapter 16 of reference 3. Browse and read the relevant parts of chapters 16, 15 and 20 to understand the background and logic of the elements in the table.
 * Post 1 ** : During the first part of week 12, select any step of table 16.1 that you can relate to from your own teaching/training/learning experiences. Write a post in the later part of week 12
 * 1) justifying why the step is important giving examples from your own experiences.
 * 2) suggesting how training material can be developed and used for a Blended class or an online class. Illustrate your suggestions with an example. (10 marks)
 * Post 2 ** : During week 13, study all the posts from your classmates. Select a post from your classmates that you can relate to. By the end of week 13 develop a post responding to
 * 1) the justification given
 * 2) the description of the training material given. (10 marks) || 20 marks || 20 hours ||
 * || // Total On-going Assessment // || 70 marks ||  ||
 * Exam Prep || // Design of an HPT Intervention: // For the case study in reference, be able to design implementation steps together with suitable examples of Instructional Design materials for one of the interventions suggested.

Dear Prof,

Below is my response.


 * 1. Select the information to attend to. **
 * Given learning outcomes below:
 * Learning Outcomes ** : By the end of the course, the student should be able to
 * appraise the need for a systematic approach to improving individual performance
 * apply a systematic approach to solving performance problems
 * design training material with examples for an Instructional Design intervention

I found the first learning objective “appraise the need for a systematic approach to improving individual performance“ is hard to comprehend. Simply because the word choice “appraise” is quite bombastic for me to use as a learning objective. I relate this word to end of the year job performance review, and simpler English for me which is “assess” or “evaluate” will make much more sense to me. The reference material and selected the chapters that would support the learning outcomes were all chosen appropriately and for the purpose of learning what I need to know ONLY. I am one those “adult learners” with little time to spare having to juggle work, life and school and so when the instructor structured the learning pages as such which helped to direct me to the learning pages instantly (so I need not get confused to find it myself), I truly appreciate how he has selected and presented the learning I need to attend to. This is what I truly appreciated about how he has selected the information I need to learn:

Instructor had:
 * 1) Given link to the learning material on the assignment page.
 * 2) Also presented the links to the learning material or pages he wants you to go to in the navigation page on the right side of the page.
 * 3) Always add a link to the learning page or the material he wants you to refer to or to respond in the learning content itself, as and when it appears, he will add a hyperlink.
 * 4) All learning outcomes can be found in the chapters which the instructor has carefully selected to support the learning outcomes. Learners can effortlessly go into each link to find the exact Figures or Tables e.g. Van Tiem et al’s and Pershing’s table in Ref 1 and Ref 2, page 15 respectively. I find both Van Tiem et al’s and Pershing’s diagram to be useful for the learning and I prefer to use Pershing’s than Van Tiem should I have to apply what I learned in my job as I feel doing “perception Analysis” first is more relevant to my job.
 * 5) Instructor has also make locating the material easy for the learners by providing 2 types of materials which they could obtain, which is the downloadable word or pdf version or the hyperlink to the learning materials itself, and as someone who like to read and highlight my own learning material, I can just download and print the materials and bring to wherever location to read. (although I take online learning, I still prefer paper and a highlighter than an ipad or tablet).

In this course the instructor has successfully organized the learning material in a way that the learners are able to absorb learning through using experiential learning in a systematic approach. Experiential learning here means, the instructor has organized each task for learners in which to complete the task, the learners will need to go through certain experience first-hand. The instructor has broken the assignment/ learning as the following:
 * 3. Organise the information **

**Task for Week 1** //Introduction:// Where learners get to know the instructor, each other and their learning platform that is Wikispace.

Task in week 2, 3 and 4 are related. In week 2, learners had to delve into experiential learning where the instructor asked each learner to share their personal experiences of organizational problems, the possible solutions and attempts at solutions. Most learners have chosen their own organization to analyze, thus they only begun to put on the HPT expert hat, but the instructor did not reveal to them at this point that this is what they are doing and will need to do throughout the course.
 * Task for Week 2, 3 and 4 **// Share Personal Experiences of Organizational Problems, possible solutions and attempts at solutions // and //What is Human Performance Technology (HPT)? Need for FIVE phases in the HPT systems approach, respectively//:

In week 3 and 4, learners are expected to comment on their colleague’s post thus making them think not only about their own organizational problem but beginning to become a HPT expert, jumping right in and recommending possible solution for an organization (their colleague’s) and using Van Tiem et al’s (2004) HPT model (ref 1) or Pershing’s Performance Improvement Process (Figure 1.1, p.15 in reference 2), buyt only at first two phases (Performance Analysis **//__or__//** Cause Analysis) to analyse and to provide a solution for their organizational problem and the same when commenting on their colleague’s posts, they are to offer solution or to ask questions on their colleague’s posts, based on the 2 models. Task for week 5 to. **Written Assignment Submission**:: For the written assignment, the learners were paired in twos. First task is for each to study the model and to prepare steps to solve a gap in the expected organizational performance. Learner is then to post their step, and their partner to comment on their steps (test out steps). Learner is to only write the phase in their paper after responding to their partner comment. Learners are also to refer to the relevant parts in ref 3 and in addition ref 4 and to include in their steps in each phase, if needed. Problem which I faced in this task is that I feel there are too many tasks to perform and I get confused and not sure of what to do earlier on, especially pertaining to making comments on my colleague’s work or to wait for her to comment on mine. The many tables used where I need to leave comments were confusing for me too. The instructor were however very patient to help me to go through the task and provided more explanation and hand-holding by way of:
 * Giving comments on the comments given, and
 * Showing us how to do a mind map

**Week 9** – Break

Learners get the feedback of the written assignment submitted in week 8. And they are to read Ref 9 which is a Kayak case-study, and recommended reading on how to solve HPT case study in ref 6. Learners are then required to compare each view point that is the one in Kayak (which is not a good analysis) in ref 9, the recommended case study on ref 6, and my own view point as how I would analyze the Kayak case study in ref 9. I posted my analysis and another student comment on my post. Through this exercise I learn to fine tune and improve my HPT expert.
 * Week 10 and 11- //Application of HPT to a Case Study:// **

Learners are to study Table 16.1 in page 375 in Chapter 16 of reference 3. They are to browse and read the relevant parts of chapters 16, 15 and 20 to understand the background and logic of the elements in the table. Each students then in week 12 select any steps in table 16.1 to relate to their own teaching/training/learning experiences. I have chosen step 3 that is to “Organise the information”. In the assignment, I had to justify why I had chosen the step and to suggest training/learning material that can be developed and used for an online class. I provided steps which includes the overall structure of my courseware and 1 part of the content which I used to illustrate how I have chunked my content into smaller bytes for easy digestion of adult learners. I also included a print screen of the step I go through to chunk the content in the “content design document” and the final output of 1 page of the learning material. Then in week 13, a colleague and the instructor commented on my step and helped me to improve my steps.
 * Week 12 and 13 - ****// Role of Instructional Design in HPT: //**

Final Assessment – April 26th. Learner will be tested on all they have learned throughout the course. (Enna)

5. Strengthen the new information in memory


 * Tasks were designed in a cyclic manner:
 * Link with own experience,
 * Read theory
 * Post thoughts upon application of theory
 * Read other posts - this should strengthen own thoughts on the theory
 * Respond to others comments on own post - this should help go deeper into own thoughts
 * Improve own post - this should help revisit own thoughts and strengthen the information in memory
 * This can be seen in the design of the page on Instructional Design.

By referring to the above, I will be sharing my view on this HPT course.

Every week or so, learners were given new information to read on and post their comments. I believe by reading only a new information can be strengthen in the memory. Thus, the tasks given were designed in a cyclic manner at helped each learner to strengthen his/her knowledge. In addition, learner related their own experience to the task learned, this sure gives ownership to the learner and learner is able to link to his/her experience. By doing so, one can remember a situation that took place in their life and related to the knowledge. In this way, remember based on own experience can really strengthen ones knowledge.

For example week 2, learners were ask to share their own experience.

// Share Personal Experiences of Organizational Problems, possible solutions and attempts at solutions //.
 * Task ** (Forum/Wiki Posts):
 * Post 1 ** : Describe productivity, efficiency or an output problem of your organization or any other organization. (4 marks)
 * Post 2 **: Read all other posts. Select ONE post other than your own. For your chosen post ask a question, post a comment and suggest a solution . You would need to collaborate with the author to suggest a solution. This would involve multiple posts. (6 marks)

And in week 3 and 4, learners read theory and post their own thoughts upon the theory. Posting own thought is a great way to strengthen knowledge of what has been read from the theories. Reading other learners comments give a learner a bigger view and aspect to think about. Thus, this will sure help learner to go deeper into his/her thoughts and think about better ways to improve own post. By others giving suggestion, it helps learners to improve their knowledge and gain more information is different angles and at the same time keep strengthening ones knowledge as the information is analysed and given feedback on. Learners will keep look for more answers and research more about his/her answers/comments. In addition, learner will also keep revisiting his/her site to check for comments and suggestion. This is a great way to strengthen the information in memory.

// What is Human Performance Technology (HPT)? Need for FIVE phases in the HPT systems approach. // Compare Van Tiem et al’s (2004) HPT model (ref 1) with that of Pershing’s Performance Improvement Process (Figure 1.1, p.15 in reference 2). Read relevant parts of references 1 and 2 to understand the phases. You may also consult the five HPT models given in Reference 4, pp.11 – 21.
 * Task ** (Forum/Wiki Posts + comments):
 * Post 1 ** : Write a post explaining and comparing an aspect from the first two phases (Performance Analysis **//__or__//** Cause Analysis) in the two models. Provide examples from your own experience or those given in the reference 2. (3 marks)
 * Post 2 ** : For a post other than your own, write a comment/suggestion/question . (2 marks)
 * Post 3 ** : Write a post explaining and comparing an aspect from one of the last three phases (Intervention design and development **//__or__//** Implementation **//__or__//** evaluation) in the two models. Provide examples from your own experience or those given in the reference 2. (3 marks)
 * Post 4 **: For a post and phase other than your own, write a comment/suggestion/question. ( 2 marks)

My colleague Wynand shared this as a feedback to my post on instructional design task. "Feedback is share amongst each other and teachers came up with suggestions and solutions to challenges. It was also a good idea that the trainers returned to give feedback and to see if the objective has been achieved of the training. The content are also been reinforced by the regular discussions amongst the teachers." Wynand, responded to my posting and this help me revisit my posting and at the same time strengthen my memory on what area I posted about. In addition, what we do in this course on giving feedback with suggestion and solutions is sure a good idea to strengthen memory. This can be seen in the design of the page on Instructional Design.

As one of the finally task, learners read theories and information to understand the background as a role of ID in HPT. From here, next the task was to relate it to own experience and why the step is important with training materials. By doing this, learners will be able to strengthen their memory because they are applying what they have read into real experience and from there to go deeper other learner sharing and responding strengthen the memory more.

// Role of Instructional Design in HPT // : Study Table 16.1, page 375 in Chapter 16 of reference 3. Browse and read the relevant parts of chapters 16, 15 and 20 to understand the background and logic of the elements in the table.


 * Post 1 ** : During the first part of week 12, select any step of table 16.1 that you can relate to from your own teaching/training/learning experiences . Write a post in the later part of week 12


 * 1) justifying why the step is important giving examples from your own experiences.
 * 2) suggesting how training material can be developed and used for a Blended class or an online class. Illustrate your suggestions with an example . (10 marks)


 * Post 2 ** : During week 13, study all the posts from your classmates. Select a post from your classmates that you can relate to. By the end of week 13 develop a post responding to


 * 1) the justification given  the description of the training material given. (10 marks)

I believe one of the biggest area in this course to strengthen new knowledge in the memory was by sharing own experience based on examples and theory that was read. Example,

= Kayak Registration Process Case Study =

Objective : The purpose of this task is to help you review your own "process-oriented-thinking", i.e. be able to take an engineering type of systematic approach to looking for solutions to problems. For example, to be able to work out what things affect a "gap" and logically follow through each process leading to the gap. Reference 6 should give you a "lens" to do this. Whatever you read, you must link practically and get a feel for the words that are being said. Reference 9 is in fact a poor write up. You have to put on your HPT hat, get a feel for deeper things in the case study and look for ways of how to improve the situation.

This case study help me learn a lot about the role of a HPT, after reading the case study it gave me ownership to use the knowledge that I have gained and use it to solve a "gap" in an organisation. In addition, I was able to relate it real life examples and experience. This sure strengthen my memory on what I learnt about HPT. (Jesvin)

Dear Professor -Yousuf My section is 1. Select the information to attend to.


 * Structure of the course **


 * 1) ** Welcome **

To me this is very important, because it is important for the instructor and student to introduce them. All information was available and direction clear. The instructor indicated to the students in the email invitation to join the pages for this course at wikispaces.com. Students should register and visit the wiki and do the work assigned for the first week. Once you do the task, please arrange to speak to me on Skype. The Skype introduction for me was very good, because I think to hear a voice breaks the boundaries and the student and instructor get to know each other. Another positive aspect here is the assurance right from the beginning that the student is invited to make contact if that is any problems and to share progress of work. Clear steps are given such as that the course outline and rubric will be posted. Immediately the student will be able to see what is expected of him/her and how the student will be evaluated. All contact details are also made available. This assurance is vital for a student and it also gives the student the assurance that the instructor is there to guide and to assist.


 * 2. Objectives for the course **


 * Learning Outcomes ** : By the end of the course, the student should be able to


 * appraise the need for a systematic approach to improving individual performance
 * apply a systematic approach to solving performance problems
 * design training material with examples for an Instructional Design intervention

I was a bit unsure about the choice of the word appraise in the first objective, because when we train our writers we encourage them to write clear objectives and I would rather go for evaluate and assess. The objectives were however clear and to the point and for me it was clear and I knew exactly what is expected to achieve.


 * 3. Selection of material **

The selection of material and availability for me was very good. It was to the point and I was always sure what material to use and did not have any trouble searching for it. All materials were linked to a specific task and that avoided any confusion and searching for relevant material. The list of references at the end was also useful and saved time.


 * 4. Course frame **

It was clear and very useful and for me it saved time and it enables me to read the readings in advance once I was done with the current one. Each week started with either the introduction, share your experience or what you need to do for the week. The task is clearly indicated and the type of post. When the student knows what is expected of him and the due dates indicated with clear instructions it avoids confusion and in this course frame all the confusion has been taken care of. To complete the package the rubric was very useful seeing that what is expected of the student to perform is clearly indicated in the rubric.


 * 5. Tasks **


 * Week 1 **

The introduction week was straightforward and important, because useful information and contact details were shared. The own explanation gave students the opportunity to give their own views on human performance technology. This to me was crucial seeing that students had an opportunity to introduce themselves and to start the course.


 * Week 2 **


 * Attention. **

// Share Personal Experiences of Organizational Problems, possible solutions and attempts at solutions //.

Good choice because it starts from the familiar to later move to the unfamiliar or new content.


 * WIIFM. ** Possible solutions and attempts at solutions.


 * YCDI. ** Seeing that the problem is familiar students will be able to do it.

For me week two was a good choice and the aspects are covered and **Select the information to attend to** has been successfully achieved.


 * Week 3 & 4 **

// What is Human Performance Technology (HPT)? Need for FIVE phases in the HPT systems approach. //


 * Attention. ** The relevant parts have been indicated clearly and selection of material specific indicated and it directed the student on what is expected of the student. Again directing the student to provide examples from the student’s own experience or the reference examples.


 * WIIFM. ** This part does not stand out clearly to me although it is there, because the students need to know what’s in it for them.


 * YCDI. ** The examples are from own experience or those given in the reference.


 * Task ** (Forum/Wiki Posts + comments):

Compare Van Tiem et al’s (2004) HPT model (ref 1) with that of Pershing’s Performance Improvement Process (Figure 1.1, p.15 in reference 2). Read relevant parts of references 1 and 2 to understand the phases. You may also consult the five HPT models given in Reference 4, pp.11 – 21.


 * Week 5 - 8 **


 * Attention. **

Specific direction is given in the written assignment submission. What is noticeable to me is the progression of the tasks from familiar to unfamiliar. Students are now familiar with the topics so far and therefore they will be able to write the manual. Guidance and instructions are clear and to the point.

**WIIFM.** It is mentioned specifically that once you have completed your manual you will be able as a practitioner to solve a gap in expected organizational performance.


 * YCDI. ** The assurance is not there specifically, but if the student respond to his partners comments and gave his own comments he/she will be able to complete the manual.

As in the previous tasks the marks are clearly indicated for each post and the student is directed specific on the maximum marks that can be obtained.


 * Week 9 Break **


 * Week 10 & 11 **


 * Attention. **

Very clear instruction that these two weeks will be application of HPT to a Case Study. Specific reference is given on what to read and what to do. The difficulty level increased, because it is expected of the student to compare and evaluate.


 * WIIFM. **

For the student the WIIFM lies in the fact that once the comparison is done between the three view-points with a view to how success in the phase can be determined and the value for the student has been achieved.


 * YCDI. **

Again it is stated specific that the student should give his own view and given the opportunity to improve his/her own comment. This indicates that the student are assured that he/she will be able to do that.


 * Week 12 & 13 **


 * Attention. **

// Role of Instructional Design in HPT // : Study Table 16.1, page 375 in Chapter 16 of reference 3. Browse and read the relevant parts of chapters 16, 15 and 20 to understand the background and logic of the elements in the table. The student’s attention is specifically focused on what to do. Each post stated what is expected of the student to do and how many marks will be awarded.


 * WIIFM. **

The student will be able to understand the background and logic of the elements in Table 16.1.


 * YCDI. **

Select any step of table 16.1 that you can relate to from your own teaching/training/learning experiences.

Select a post from your classmates that you can relate to. This is assurance to the student that the student will be able to do the task.


 * Week Exam Preparation **


 * Attention. **

// Design of an HPT Intervention: // Review Chapters 15, 16, 20 and 21 in reference 3 as well as the three articles by Watkins in references 6, 7 and 8.


 * WIIFM. **

Be able to design implementation steps together with suitable examples of Instructional Design materials for one of the interventions suggested.


 * YCDI. **

This part will be achieved if the student has completed all the tasks and posts in the weeks.(Wynand)

: